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Implementations conforming to C are required to declare errno in <errno.h>, although some historic implementations failed to do so.

Noncompliant Code Example (malloc(), free())

In this noncompliant example, the identifiers for the C Standard Library functions malloc() and free() are reserved.

void *malloc(size_t nbytes) {  /* violation */
  void *ptr;
  /* ... */
  /* allocate storage from own pool and set ptr */
  return ptr;
}
 
void free(void *ptr) {  /* violation */
  /* ... */
  /* return storage to own pool */
}

Compliant Solution ( malloc(), free() )

This complaint example changes the names of the identfiers to malloc_custom() and free_custom().

void *malloc_custom(size_t nbytes) {  
  void *ptr;
  /* ... */
  /* allocate storage from own pool and set ptr */
  return ptr;
}
 
void free_custom(void *ptr) {  
  /* ... */
  /* return storage to own pool */
}

Risk Assessment

Using reserved identifiers can lead to incorrect program operation.

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Bibliography

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