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enum { ADULT_AGE=18 };
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if (age >= ADULT_AGE) {
  takevote(personID);
}
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if (age <= ADULT_AGE) {
  checkSchoolEnrollment(personID);
}

In the compliant code it is easy to check if the user is an adult and process accordingly. If the definition of adult changes during iterations of the codebase it is much simpler to replace the value for ADULT_AGE in one place then search for instance of 18 and see if they're appropriate for change.

When declaring immutable symbolic values such as ADULT_AGE it is best to use const or enum as explained in

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