If a floating-point value is to be demoted to a floating-point value of a smaller range and precision or to an integer type, or if an integer type is to be converted to a floating-point type, the value must be represented in the new type.
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When a finite value of real floating type is converted to an integer type other than
_Bool, the fractional part is discarded (i.e., the value is truncated toward zero). If the value of the integral part cannot be represented by the integer type, the behavior is undefined.When a value of integer type is converted to a real floating type, if the value being converted can be represented exactly in the new type, it is unchanged. If the value being converted is in the range of values that can be represented but cannot be represented exactly, the result is either the nearest higher or nearest lower representable value, chosen in an implementation-defined manner. If the value being converted is outside the range of values that can be represented, the behavior is undefined.
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MITRE CWE: CWE-681, "Incorrect Conversion between Numeric Types"
Bibliography
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\[[IEEE 754|AA. Bibliography#IEEE 754 2006]\] IEEE 754-1985 Standard for Binary Floating-Point Arithmetic
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FLP34-C. Ensure that floating point conversions are within range of the new type FLP34-C. Ensure that floating point conversions are within range of the new type FLP36-C. Beware of precision loss when converting integral types to floating point