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This code can fail as a result of the same errors it is attempting trying to prevent. When array is NULL or when or i is not a valid index, the reference to array[i] will cause either a NullPointerException or an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException to be thrown. This happens because the & operator fails to prevent evaluation of its right operand even when evaluation of its left operand proves that the right operand is invalid.
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Nevertheless, this solution is preferable when the error-handling code for each potential failure condition failure is different.
Noncompliant Code Example (Improper &&)
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