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Sometimes a state testing method \[[Bloch 08|AA. Java References#Bloch 08]\] can be used to ensure that the object is in consistent state at all points in time. This approach is not useful in the absence of external synchronization. Also, there is a TOCTOU race condition between invocation of the object's state testing method and the call to a method that depends on its state. During this interval, the object's state could change surreptitiously. |
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