Page History

...

Explicitly check the range of each arithmetic operation and throw an ArithmeticException on overflow. When performing operations on values of type int, the arithmetic can be performed using variables of type long. For performing arithmetic operations on numbers of type long, the BigInteger Class must be used.

According to the Java Tutorials \[[Tutorials 08|AA. Java References#Tutorials 08]\], Primitive Data Types:

The int data type is a 32-bit signed two's complement integer. It has a minimum value of -2,147,483,648 and a maximum value of 2,147,483,647 (inclusive).

The long data type is a 64-bit signed two's complement integer. It has a minimum value of -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 and a maximum value of 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 (inclusive). Use this data type when you need a range of values wider than those provided by int.

Because a variable of the long type is guaranteed to hold the result of an addition, subtraction or multiplication of values of type int, the result can be assigned to such a variable, and if the result is in the integer range, we can simply downcast it to a value of type int.

...