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Further confusion arises because the numerical comparison operators <, <=, >, and >= can be used with the numeric boxed types Byte, Character, Short, Integer, Long, Float, and Double. In this case, auto-unboxing results in the numeric values contained in the boxed objects being compared, with the expected results . However, auto-unboxing is not applied when the equality operators == and != are used with these numeric boxed types, so the object references are compared(see JLS Section 5.6.2, "Binary Numeric Promotion"). When both arguments of a == or != operator are numeric boxed type, the equality operators are defined to be reference equality operators; the operation is thus a reference comparison rather than the anticipated numeric comparison, which may produce unexpected results.

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\[[FindBugs 2008|AA. Bibliography#FindBugs 08]\] ES: Comparison of String objects using == or \!=
\[[JLS 2005|AA. Bibliography#JLS 05]\] [Section 3.10.5|http://java.sun.com/docs/books/jls/third_edition/html/lexical.html#3.10.5], "String Literals" and [Section 5.6.2|http://java.sun.com/docs/books/jls/third_edition/html/lexicalconversions.html#3html#5.106.5]2], "Binary Numeric Promotion"
\[[MITRE 2009|AA. Bibliography#MITRE 09]\] [CWE ID 595|http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/595.html] "Incorrect Syntactic Object Comparison", [CWE ID 597|http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/597.html] "Use of Wrong Operator in String Comparison"

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