Programs must not allow mathematical operations to exceed the integer ranges provided by their primitive integer data types. According to The Java Language Specification (JLS), §4.2.2, "Integer Operations" [JLS 20052015]:
The built-in integer operators do not indicate overflow or underflow in any way. Integer operators can throw a
NullPointerExceptionif unboxing conversion of anullreference is required. Other than that, the only integer operators that can throw an exception are the integer divide operator/and the integer remainder operator%, which throw anArithmeticExceptionif the right-hand operand is zero, and the increment and decrement operators ++ and -- which can throw anOutOfMemoryErrorif boxing conversion is required and there is insufficient memory to perform the conversion.
The integral types in Java, representation, and inclusive ranges are shown in the following table taken from the JLS, §4.2.1, "Integral Types and Values" [JLS 20052015]:
Type | Representation | Inclusive Range |
|---|---|---|
| 8-bit signed two's-complement | −128 to 127 |
| 16-bit signed two's-complement | −32,768 to 32,767 |
| 32-bit signed two's-complement | −2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 |
| 64-bit signed two's-complement | −9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 |
| 16-bit unsigned integers representing UTF-16 code units |
|
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[API 2006] | Class |
Puzzle 27, "Shifty i's" | |
| [Bloch 2008] | Item 12, "Minimize the Accessibility of Classes and Members" |
§4.2.1, "Integral Types and Values" | |
Chapter 5, "Integers" | |
| [Seacord 2015] |
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