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In this noncompliant example, the C standard library function strchr() is called through the function pointer fp declared with a prototype with incorrectly typed arguments. According to the C Standard, 6.3.2.3, paragraph 8 [ISO/IEC 9899:20112024]
A pointer to a function of one type may be converted to a pointer to a function of another type and back again; the result shall compare equal to the original pointer. If a converted pointer is used to call a function whose type is not compatible with the referenced the referenced type, the behavior is undefined.
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Rule | Severity | Likelihood | Remediation Cost | Priority | Level |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EXP37-C | Medium | Probable | High | P4 | L3 |
Automated Detection
| Tool | Version | Checker | Description | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Astrée |
|
incompatible-argument-type parameter-match parameter-match-computed parameter-match-type | Fully checked | ||||||||
| Axivion Bauhaus Suite |
| CertC-EXP37 | |||||||
| CodeSonar |
| LANG.FUNCS.APM | Array parameter mismatch | ||||||
| Compass/ROSE | Can detect some violations of this rule. In particular, it ensures that all calls to | ||||||||
| Coverity |
| MISRA C 2012 Rule 8.2 MISRA C 2012 Rule 17.3 | Implemented Relies on functions declared with prototypes, allow compiler to check | ||||||
| Cppcheck Premium |
| premium-cert-exp37-c | Fully implemented | ||||||
| CC2.EXP37 | Partially implemented | |||||||
| EDG | |||||||||
| GCC |
| Can detect violation of this rule when the |
| Helix QAC |
|
|
|
C1331, C1332, C1333, C3002, C3320, C3335 C++0403 | |||||||||
| Klocwork |
| MISRA.FUNC.UNMATCHED.PARAMS | |||||||
| LDRA tool suite |
| 41 D, 21 S, 98 S, 170 S, 496 S, 576 S | Partially implemented | ||||||
| Parasoft C/C++test |
| CERT_C-EXP37-a |
CERT_C-EXP37-
d |
Conversions shall |
Function types shall have named parameters
Function types shall be in prototype form
not be performed between non compatible pointer to a function types | |||||||||
| Polyspace Bug Finder |
| Checks for:
|
Format string specifiers and arguments mismatch
Qualifier removed in conversion
Standard function call with incorrect arguments
Unreliable cast of function pointer
Rule partially covered. |
Access mode argument of function in fopen or open group is invalid
Mismatch between function or variable declarations
String specifiers do not match corresponding arguments
Variable qualifier is lost during conversion
Argument to a standard function does not meet requirements for use in the function
Function pointer cast to another function pointer with different argument or return type
All declarations of an object or function shall use the same names and type qualifiers
Conversions shall not be performed between a pointer to a function and any other type
A function shall not be declared implicitly
| PVS-Studio |
| V540, V541, V549, V575, V632, V639, V666, V671, V742, V743, V764, V1004 | |||||||
| SonarQube C/C++ Plugin |
|
| S930 | Detects incorrect argument count | |||||||
| RuleChecker |
| parameter-match parameter-match-type | Partially checked | ||||||
| TrustInSoft Analyzer |
| unclassified ("function type matches") | Partially verified (see one compliant and one non-compliant example). |
Related Vulnerabilities
Search for vulnerabilities resulting from the violation of this rule on the CERT website.
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- Wrong argument values or references
Bibliography
| [CVE] | CVE-2006-1174 |
| [ISO/IEC 9899:2011] | 6.35.2.32, "Pointers"Function Calls" |
| [ISO/IEC 9899:2024] | 6.53.2.23, "Function CallsPointers" |
| [IEEE Std 1003.1:2013] | open() |
| [Spinellis 2006] | Section 2.6.1, "Incorrect Routine or Arguments" |
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