SEI CERT C Coding Standard

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Note that whereas commas serve to delimit multiple arguments in a function call, these commas are not considered comma operators. Multiple arguments of a function call may be evaluated in any order, with no sequence points between each other.

Risk Assessment

Recommendation

Severity

Likelihood

Remediation Cost

Priority

Level

EXP10-C

Medium

Probable

Medium

P8

L2

Automated Detection

Tool

Version

Checker

Description

Astrée
Include Page
Astrée_V
Astrée_V
evaluation-orderPartially checked
Compass/ROSE

 

 



Could detect violations of this recommendation by searching for the following pattern:

    • Any expression that calls two functions between the same sequence points
    • Those two functions both modify the value of a static variable
    • That static variable's value is referenced by code following the expression

Coverity

Include Page
Coverity_V
Coverity_V

EVALUATION_ORDER

Can detect the specific instance where a statement contains multiple side effects on the same value with an undefined evaluation order because the statement may behave differently with different compiler flags or different compilers or platforms

LDRA tool suite
Include Page
LDRA_V
LDRA_V
35 D, 72 D, 1 Q, 134 S

Fully implemented

Parasoft C/C++test
Include Page
c:
Parasoft_V
c:
Parasoft_V
MISRA2004-12_2_{a,b,c,d}Fully implemented
PRQA QA-C
Include Page
PRQA QA-C_v
PRQA QA-C_v
3226,3326,0400, 0401, 0402,0403Partially implemented
RuleChecker
Include Page
RuleChecker_V
RuleChecker_V
evaluation-orderPartially checked
PVS-Studio6.22V521, V681General analysis rule set

A programmer could also violate the recommendation using dynamic memory passed to both functions, but that would be extremely difficult to detect using static analysis.

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Search for vulnerabilities resulting from the violation of this rule on the CERT website.

Related Guidelines

SEI CERT C++ Coding StandardEXP50-CPP. Do not depend on the order of evaluation for side effects
ISO/IEC TR 24772:2013Operator Precedence/Order of Evaluation [JCW]
Side-effects and Order of Evaluation [SAM]
MISRA C:2012Rule 13.5 (required)

Bibliography

[ISO/IEC 9899:2011]Subclause 6.5, "Expressions"

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