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An identifier declared in different scopes or multiple times within the same scope can be made to refer to the same object or function by _linkage_.  An identifier can be classified as _externally linked_, _internally linked_, or _not linked_.  These three kinds of linkage have the following characteristics \[[Kirch-Prinz 02|AA. C References#Kirch-Prinz 02]\]:

According to C99 \[[ISO/IEC 9899:1999|AA. C References#ISO/IEC 9899-1999]\], linkage is determined as follows:

\[[Banahan 03|AA. C References#Banahan 03]\] [Section 8.2, "Declarations, Definitions and Accessibility"|http://publications.gbdirect.co.uk/c_book/chapter8/declarations_and_definitions.html]
\[[ISO/IEC 9899:1999|AA. C References#ISO/IEC 9899-1999]\] Section 6.2.2, "Linkages of identifiers"
\[[Kirch-Prinz 02|AA. C References#Kirch-Prinz 02]\]
\[[MISRA 04|AA. C References#MISRA 04]\] Rule 8.1