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Non-Compliant Code Example (realloc())
One method to decrease memory usage in critical situations when all available memory has been exhausted is to use the realloc() function to half the size of message strings. The standard realloc() function has no concept of null-terminated byte strings. As a result, if realloc() is called to decrease the memory allocated for a null-terminated byte string, the null terminator may get truncated.
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Because realloc() does not guarantee that the string is properly null-terminated, any subsequent operation on cur_msg that assumes a null-termination character may result in undefined behavior.
Compliant Solution (realloc())
In this compliant solution, the lessen_memory_usage() function ensures that the resulting string is always properly null-terminated.
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