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According to the C Standard, 6.4.5, paragraph 3 [ISO/IEC 9899:2011]:,

A character string literal is a sequence of zero or more multibyte characters enclosed in double-quotes, as in "xyz". A UTF−8 string literal is the same, except prefixed by u8. A wide string literal is the same, except prefixed by the letter L, u, or U.

At compile time, string literals are used to create an array of static storage duration of sufficient length to contain the character sequence and a terminating null character. String literals are usually referred to by a pointer to (or array of) characters. Ideally, they should be assigned only to pointers to (or arrays of) const char or const wchar_t. It is unspecified whether these arrays of string literals are distinct from each other. The behavior is undefined if a program attempts to modify any portion of a string literal. Modifying a string literal frequently results in an access violation because string literals are typically stored in read-only memory. (see See undefined behavior 33.)

Avoid assigning a string literal to a pointer to non-const or casting a string literal to a pointer to non-const. For the purposes of this rule, a pointer to (or array of) const characters must be treated as a string literal. Similarly, the returned value of the following library functions must be treated as a string literal if the first argument is a string literal:

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As an array initializer, a string literal specifies the initial values of characters in an array as well as the size of the array. (see See STR11-C. Do not specify the bound of a character array initialized with a string literal.) . This code creates a copy of the string literal in the space allocated to the character array a. The string stored in a can be modified safely.

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