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In this non-compliant code example, the first handler will catch all exceptions of class B, as well as exceptions of class D, since they are also of class B. Consequently the second handler will not catch any exceptions.

// classes used for exception handling
class B {};
class D: public B {};

// ... Using the classes from above
try {
 // ...
} catch (B &b) {
 // ...
} catch (D &d) {
 // ...
}

...

In this compliant solution, the first handler will catch all exceptions of class D, and the second handler will catch all the other exceptions of class B.

// classes used for exception handling
class B {};
class D: public B {};

// ... Using the classes from above
try {
 // ...
} catch (D &d) {
 // ...
} catch (B &b) {
 // ...
}

...