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These two requirements can be counter-intuitive when expressions contain side - effects. Evaluation of the operands proceeds left-to-right, without regard to operator precedence rules and indicative parentheses; evaluation of the operators, however, obeys precedence rules and parentheses.
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This compliant solution uses equivalent code with no side - effects. It performs only one write, to number. The resulting expression can be reordered without concern for the evaluation order of the component expressions, making the code easier to understand and maintain.
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Detection of all expressions involving both side - effects and also multiple operator precedence levels is straightforward. Determining the correctness of such uses is infeasible in the general case; heuristic warnings could be useful.
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C++ Coding Standard: "EXP30-CPP. Do not depend on order of evaluation between sequence points"
Bibliography
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[§15.7, "Evaluation Order" | http://java.sun.com/docs/books/jls/third_edition/html/expressions.html#15.7] |
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EXP07-J. Understand the differences between bitwise and logical operators 02. Expressions (EXP) EXP09-J. Do not use side-effecting expressions in assertions