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my @array = (1, 2, 3);            # array initialized
print "Array size is $#array\n";  # 2 (index of last element)
$array[5] = 0;                    # array grows so that reference is valid
print "Array size is $#array\n";  # 5
my $value = $array[7];            # array unchanged + uninitialized value warning
$value = $array[-7];              # array unchanged + uninitialized value warning
if (exists $array[9]) {           # false, array unchanged
  print "That's a big array.\n";
}
print "Array size is $#array\n";  # still 5
$value = $array[10][0];           # reading a value in list context grows array
print "Array size is $#array\n";  # 10!