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Unless otherwise specified (either explicitly or by defining a function in terms of other functions), invoking a container member function or passing a container as an argument to a library function shall not invalidate
iterators invalidate iterators to, or change the values of, objects within that container.
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| Class | Function | Iterators | References | Pointers | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
std::deque | |||||
insert(), emplace_front(), emplace_back(),emplace(), push_front(), push_back() | X | X | An insertion in the middle of the deque invalidates all the iterators and references to elements of the deque. An insertion at either end of the deque invalidates all the iterators to the deque, but has no effect on the validity of references to elements of the deque. ([deque.modifiers], paragraph 1) | ||
erase(), pop_back(), resize() | X | X | An erase operation that erases the last element of a deque invalidates only the past-the-end iterator and all iterators and references to the erased elements. An erase operation that erases the first element of a deque but not the last element invalidates only the erased elements. An erase operation that erases neither the first element nor the last element of a deque invalidates the past-the-end iterator and all iterators and references to all the elements of the deque. ([deque.modifiers], paragraph 4) | ||
clear() | X | X | X | Destroys all elements in a. Invalidates all references, pointers, and iterators referring to the elements of a and may invalidate the | |
std::forward_list | |||||
erase_after(), pop_front(), resize() | X | X | ...erase_after shall invalidate only iterators and references to the erased elements. ([forwardlist.modifiers], paragraph 1) | ||
remove(), unique() | X | X | Invalidates only the iterators and references to the erased elements. ([forwardlist.ops], paragraph 12 & paragraph 16) | ||
clear() | X | X | X | Destroys all elements in a. Invalidates all references, pointers, and iterators referring to the elements of a and may invalidate the past-the-end iterator. ([sequence.reqmts], Table 100) | |
std::list | |||||
erase(), pop_front(), pop_back(), clear(), remove(), remove_if(), unique() | X | X | Invalidates only the iterators and references to the erased elements. ([list.modifiers], paragraph 3 and [list.ops], paragraph 15 & paragraph 19) | ||
clear() | X | X | X | Destroys all elements in a. Invalidates all references, pointers, and iterators referring to the elements of a and may invalidate the past-the-end iterator. ([sequence.reqmts], Table 100) | |
std::vector | |||||
reserve() | X | X | X | After reserve(), capacity() is greater or equal to the argument of reserve if reallocation happens; and equal to the previous value of capacity() otherwise. Reallocation invalidates all the references, pointers, and iterators referring to the elements in the sequence. ([vector.capacity], paragraph 3 & paragraph 6) | |
insert(), emplace_back(), emplace(), push_back() | X | X | Causes reallocation if the new size is greater than the old capacity. If no reallocation happens, all the iterators and references before the insertion point remain valid. ([vector.modifiers], paragraph 1). All iterators and references after the insertion point are invalidated. | ||
erase(), pop_back(), resize() | X | X | Invalidates iterators and references at or after the point of the erase. ([vector.modifiers], paragraph 3) | ||
clear() | X | X | X | Destroys all elements in a. Invalidates all references, pointers, and iterators referring to the elements of a and may invalidate the past-the-end iterator. ([sequence.reqmts], Table 100) | |
std::set, std::multiset, std::map, std::multimap | |||||
erase(), clear() | X | X | Only invalidates iterators and references to the erased elements. ([associative.reqmts], paragraph 9) | ||
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erase(), clear() | X | X | Only invalidates iterators and references to the erased elements. ([unord.req], paragraph 14) | ||
insert(), emplace() | X | The insert and emplace members shall not affect the validity of iterators if (N+n) < z * B, where N is the number of elements in the container prior to the insert operation, n is the number of elements inserted, B is the container’s bucket count, and z is the container’s maximum load factor. ([unord.req], paragraph 15) | |||
rehash(), reserve() | X | Rehashing invalidates iterators, changes ordering between elements, and changes which buckets elements appear in, but does not invalidate pointers or references to elements. ([unord.req], paragraph 9) | |||
std::valarray |
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resize() | X | X | Resizing invalidates all pointers and references to elements in the array. ([valarray.members], paragraph 12) |
A std::basic_string object is also a container for which this rule applies. For more specific information pertaining to std::basic_string containers, see STR38-CPP. Use valid references, pointers, and iterators to reference elements of a basic_string.
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